Diagnosis and Treatment of Ovarian Afunction in Dairy Cows

High frequency of infertility due to ovarian afunction coupled with incidences of its misdiagnosis in cattle, and lack of a single out-right effective treatment method form the basis for this work. Cattle productivity depends on reproductive efficiency and is measured by the number of off-spring per breeding animal per unit of time. Therefore, early resumption of ovarian activity postpartum is critical to subsequent profitability of the herd as it has a bearing on the inter-calving interval duration. The length of the period between parturition and resumption of ovarian cyclicity is variable and factors such as environment, season, and breed are implicated in its modulation, though nutrition and pathological elements are said to play a major role. Clinical assessment of ovarian activity in the postpartum period, and some causative factors of ovarian afunction in dairy cows are discussed. Treatment strategies, based on hormonal and non-hormonal remedies, for ovarian afunction affected dairy cows are illustrated thereby providing useful reference tools for Academicians, Veterinarians, Animal Scientists, Cattle Managers/owners or others who wish to improve productivity in dairy cows.